Typologia ładów społecznych Stanisława Ossowskiego

Abstrakt

The article analyzes Stanisław Ossowski’s typology of social order as presented in his theoretical writings and situates it within his broader intellectual worldview. The focus is on the fourth type of social order, conceptualized as a system of intergroup agreements combining central coordination with autonomous cooperation. Drawing on interpretations by Jakub Karpiński and Ireneusz Krzemiński, the paper explores the typology’s structural logic, predictive utility, and its grounding in Ossowski’s humanist-socialist outlook. The analysis is complemented by historical examples of practical application, notably Ossowski’s postwar housing projects in Warsaw and the Nowy Sącz social activation experiment. These cases illustrate the feasibility of Ossowski’s fourth type—planned cooperation—under real socio-political conditions. Ultimately, the typology is shown not only as an analytical model but also as a normative vision of democratic, decentralized society based on individual dignity and collective deliberation.